Circuits

=== Significant Concepts: Basic circuits === === Unit Question: How have circuits impacted our environments? ===
 * Area of Interaction: Environments **

INVESTIGATE: Define the following using this site:  Webster's Dictionary Voltage: The e lectromotive force or potential difference expressed in volts. Current: The time rate of flow of electric charge, in the direction that a positive moving charge would take and having magnitude equal to the quantity of charge per unit time: measured in amperes. Resistance: Also called ohmic resistance. a property of a conductor by virtue of which the passage of current is opposed, causing electric energy to be transformed into heat: equal to the voltage across the conductor divided by the current flowing in the conductor: usually measured in ohms.

Circuit: Also called electric circuit. the complete path of an electric current, including the generating apparatus, intervening resistors, or capacitors.

Transistors: A semiconductor device that amplifies, oscillates, or switches the flow of current between twoterminals by varying the current or voltage between one of the terminals and a third: although much smaller in size than a vacuum tube, it performs similar functions without requiring current to heat a cathode. LEDs: Light Emitting Diode Capacitor: A device foraccumulatingandholdingachargeofelectricity, consisting of twoequallycharged conductingsurfaceshaving opposite signsandseparatedbya dielectric.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">Resistor: A device designed to introduce resistance into an electric circuit. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">Switch: A device for turning on or off or directing an electric current or for making or breaking a circuit. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">Digital Electronics: The implementation of two-valued logic using electronic logic gates such as and gates, or gates and flip-flops. In such circuits the logical values true and false are represented by two different voltages, e.g. 0V for false and +5V for true. Similarly, numbersare normally represented in binary using two different voltages torepresented zero and one. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">Integrated Circuit: A circuit of transistors, resistors, and capacitors constructed on a single semiconductor wafer or chip, in which the components are interconnected to perform a given function. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">Binary Code: A system of representing letters, numbers, or other characters, using binary notation (1's and 0's). <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">Circuit Breaker:

A lso called breaker. a device for interrupting an electric circuit to prevent excessive current, as that caused by a short circuit, from damaging the apparatus in the circuit or from causing a fire. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">Conductor: A substance, body, or device that readily conducts heat, electricity, sound, etc.

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">Go to the following site and run the circuit construction kit. The site is: [|Circuit Link]

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">Using this site, answer the following questions:

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">1. Using one battery, make the light bulb work. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">a. Volts: 9V <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">b. Amps: 0.9 amps

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">2. Light two light bulbs with one battery. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">a. Volts: 9V <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">b. Amps: 0.45 amps

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">3. Using a switch to light one light bulb. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">a. Volts: 9V <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">b. Amps: 0.9 amps

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">4. Use a capacitor with your circuit. (One battery, one bulb) <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">a. Volts: 9V <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">b. Amps: It jumps around

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">5. Use an inductor in your circuit. (One battery, one bulb) <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">a. Volts: 9V <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">b. Amps: It starts low and curves up to 0.9 amps

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">6. Use an AC Voltage in your circuit. What happens to the current? <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">a. Volts: It fluctuates from -10 V to 10 V <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">b. Amps: 0 amps

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">7. Which items in the grab bag complete the circuit? <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">(One battery, one bulb) <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">a. Dollar Bill No <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">b. Paper clip Yes <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">c. Penny Yes <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">d. Eraser No <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">e. Pencil lead Yes, barely <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">f. Hand No <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">g. Dog No

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">8. Use a resistor in your circuit. (One battery, one bulb) <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">a. Volts: -9 V <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">b. Amps: 0.45 amps

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">9. Add two batteries to light one light bulb. <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">a. Volts: 9 V, 9 V (18 V) <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">b. Amps: 1.8 amps

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">10. Add three batteries to the circuit. Right click on one of the batteries <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">and change the voltage to 100%. What happens to your batteries? <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">a. Volts: 100 V, 9 V, 9 V <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">b. Amps: 8.2 amps

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">11. Make your own circuit <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">a. Volts: -1199.86 V <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">b. Amps: 119.98 <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">c. Explain what happened with your circuit: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">It was blowing up :D <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">d. Describe/draw your circuit below:



<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">CREATE <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">Now start your circuit project. Get the materials and instruction from Ms. Bradfield. <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">85, 89, 3, 123, 154, 176 <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">Made flying saucer!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! IT FLEW SO HIGH!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">EVALUATE

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">Answer the Following Questions After You Complete Your Circuit: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">1. Did you like making the circuit? <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">2. What did you like the least about making the circuit? <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">3. What did you like the best about making the circuit? <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">4. Using complete sentences, explain how circuits can be applied in the real world. (List three)

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">5. Were you careful with the circuit, solder, and soldering iron? <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">6. Were you respectful and nice to other students? <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">7. Did you take a picture of both your circuits and add them to this wiki page?

<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 24px;">ATTITUDE <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">1. Did you have a good attitude answering the questions? Explain: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">2. Did you have a good attitude making the circuits? Explain: <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 20.8px;">3. Were you a whiny baby during the circuit unit? Explain: